);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Create a new PDO connection instance.
     *
     * @param  string  $dsn
     * @param  string  $username
     * @param  string  $password
     * @param  array  $options
     * @return \PDO
     */
    protected function createPdoConnection($dsn, $username, $password, $options)
    {
        if (class_exists(PDOConnection::class) && ! $this->isPersistentConnection($options)) {
            return new PDOConnection($dsn, $username, $password, $options);
        }
 
        return new PDO($dsn, $username, $password, $options);
    }
 
    /**
     * Determine if the connection is persistent.
     *
     * @param  array  $options
     * @return bool
     */
    protected function isPersistentConnection($options)
    {
        return isset($options[PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT]) &&
               $options[PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT];
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle an exception that occurred during connect execution.
     *
     * @param  \Throwable  $e
     * @param  string  $dsn
     * @param  string  $username

            );
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Create a new PDO connection instance.
     *
     * @param  string  $dsn
     * @param  string  $username
     * @param  string  $password
     * @param  array  $options
     * @return \PDO
     */
    protected function createPdoConnection($dsn, $username, $password, $options)
    {
        if (class_exists(PDOConnection::class) && ! $this->isPersistentConnection($options)) {
            return new PDOConnection($dsn, $username, $password, $options);
        }
 
        return new PDO($dsn, $username, $password, $options);
    }
 
    /**
     * Determine if the connection is persistent.
     *
     * @param  array  $options
     * @return bool
     */
    protected function isPersistentConnection($options)
    {
        return isset($options[PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT]) &&
               $options[PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT];
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle an exception that occurred during connect execution.
     *
     * @param  \Throwable  $e
     * @param  string  $dsn
     * @param  string  $username

        return isset($options[PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT]) &&
               $options[PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT];
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle an exception that occurred during connect execution.
     *
     * @param  \Throwable  $e
     * @param  string  $dsn
     * @param  string  $username
     * @param  string  $password
     * @param  array  $options
     * @return \PDO
     *
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    protected function tryAgainIfCausedByLostConnection(Throwable $e, $dsn, $username, $password, $options)
    {
        if ($this->causedByLostConnection($e)) {
            return $this->createPdoConnection($dsn, $username, $password, $options);
        }
 
        throw $e;
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the PDO options based on the configuration.
     *
     * @param  array  $config
     * @return array
     */
    public function getOptions(array $config)
    {
        $options = $config['options'] ?? [];
 
        return array_diff_key($this->options, $options) + $options;
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the default PDO connection options.

     * @param  string  $dsn
     * @param  array  $config
     * @param  array  $options
     * @return \PDO
     *
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    public function createConnection($dsn, array $config, array $options)
    {
        [$username, $password] = [
            $config['username'] ?? null, $config['password'] ?? null,
        ];
 
        try {
            return $this->createPdoConnection(
                $dsn, $username, $password, $options
            );
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            return $this->tryAgainIfCausedByLostConnection(
                $e, $dsn, $username, $password, $options
            );
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Create a new PDO connection instance.
     *
     * @param  string  $dsn
     * @param  string  $username
     * @param  string  $password
     * @param  array  $options
     * @return \PDO
     */
    protected function createPdoConnection($dsn, $username, $password, $options)
    {
        if (class_exists(PDOConnection::class) && ! $this->isPersistentConnection($options)) {
            return new PDOConnection($dsn, $username, $password, $options);
        }
 
        return new PDO($dsn, $username, $password, $options);

use PDO;
 
class MySqlConnector extends Connector implements ConnectorInterface
{
    /**
     * Establish a database connection.
     *
     * @param  array  $config
     * @return \PDO
     */
    public function connect(array $config)
    {
        $dsn = $this->getDsn($config);
 
        $options = $this->getOptions($config);
 
        // We need to grab the PDO options that should be used while making the brand
        // new connection instance. The PDO options control various aspects of the
        // connection's behavior, and some might be specified by the developers.
        $connection = $this->createConnection($dsn, $config, $options);
 
        if (! empty($config['database'])) {
            $connection->exec("use `{$config['database']}`;");
        }
 
        $this->configureEncoding($connection, $config);
 
        // Next, we will check to see if a timezone has been specified in this config
        // and if it has we will issue a statement to modify the timezone with the
        // database. Setting this DB timezone is an optional configuration item.
        $this->configureTimezone($connection, $config);
 
        $this->setModes($connection, $config);
 
        return $connection;
    }
 
    /**
     * Set the connection character set and collation.
     *

    {
        return array_key_exists('host', $config)
                            ? $this->createPdoResolverWithHosts($config)
                            : $this->createPdoResolverWithoutHosts($config);
    }
 
    /**
     * Create a new Closure that resolves to a PDO instance with a specific host or an array of hosts.
     *
     * @param  array  $config
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function createPdoResolverWithHosts(array $config)
    {
        return function () use ($config) {
            foreach (Arr::shuffle($hosts = $this->parseHosts($config)) as $key => $host) {
                $config['host'] = $host;
 
                try {
                    return $this->createConnector($config)->connect($config);
                } catch (PDOException $e) {
                    continue;
                }
            }
 
            throw $e;
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Parse the hosts configuration item into an array.
     *
     * @param  array  $config
     * @return array
     *
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException
     */
    protected function parseHosts(array $config)
    {
        $hosts = Arr::wrap($config['host']);

            $this->doctrineConnection = new DoctrineConnection(array_filter([
                'pdo' => $this->getPdo(),
                'dbname' => $this->getDatabaseName(),
                'driver' => $driver->getName(),
                'serverVersion' => $this->getConfig('server_version'),
            ]), $driver);
        }
 
        return $this->doctrineConnection;
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the current PDO connection.
     *
     * @return \PDO
     */
    public function getPdo()
    {
        if ($this->pdo instanceof Closure) {
            return $this->pdo = call_user_func($this->pdo);
        }
 
        return $this->pdo;
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the current PDO connection parameter without executing any reconnect logic.
     *
     * @return \PDO|\Closure|null
     */
    public function getRawPdo()
    {
        return $this->pdo;
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the current PDO connection used for reading.
     *
     * @return \PDO
     */

            $this->doctrineConnection = new DoctrineConnection(array_filter([
                'pdo' => $this->getPdo(),
                'dbname' => $this->getDatabaseName(),
                'driver' => $driver->getName(),
                'serverVersion' => $this->getConfig('server_version'),
            ]), $driver);
        }
 
        return $this->doctrineConnection;
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the current PDO connection.
     *
     * @return \PDO
     */
    public function getPdo()
    {
        if ($this->pdo instanceof Closure) {
            return $this->pdo = call_user_func($this->pdo);
        }
 
        return $this->pdo;
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the current PDO connection parameter without executing any reconnect logic.
     *
     * @return \PDO|\Closure|null
     */
    public function getRawPdo()
    {
        return $this->pdo;
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the current PDO connection used for reading.
     *
     * @return \PDO
     */

    /**
     * Get the current PDO connection used for reading.
     *
     * @return \PDO
     */
    public function getReadPdo()
    {
        if ($this->transactions > 0) {
            return $this->getPdo();
        }
 
        if ($this->recordsModified && $this->getConfig('sticky')) {
            return $this->getPdo();
        }
 
        if ($this->readPdo instanceof Closure) {
            return $this->readPdo = call_user_func($this->readPdo);
        }
 
        return $this->readPdo ?: $this->getPdo();
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the current read PDO connection parameter without executing any reconnect logic.
     *
     * @return \PDO|\Closure|null
     */
    public function getRawReadPdo()
    {
        return $this->readPdo;
    }
 
    /**
     * Set the PDO connection.
     *
     * @param  \PDO|\Closure|null  $pdo
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setPdo($pdo)
    {

    protected function prepared(PDOStatement $statement)
    {
        $statement->setFetchMode($this->fetchMode);
 
        $this->event(new StatementPrepared(
            $this, $statement
        ));
 
        return $statement;
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the PDO connection to use for a select query.
     *
     * @param  bool  $useReadPdo
     * @return \PDO
     */
    protected function getPdoForSelect($useReadPdo = true)
    {
        return $useReadPdo ? $this->getReadPdo() : $this->getPdo();
    }
 
    /**
     * Run an insert statement against the database.
     *
     * @param  string  $query
     * @param  array  $bindings
     * @return bool
     */
    public function insert($query, $bindings = [])
    {
        return $this->statement($query, $bindings);
    }
 
    /**
     * Run an update statement against the database.
     *
     * @param  string  $query
     * @param  array  $bindings
     * @return int

 
    /**
     * Run a select statement against the database.
     *
     * @param  string  $query
     * @param  array  $bindings
     * @param  bool  $useReadPdo
     * @return array
     */
    public function select($query, $bindings = [], $useReadPdo = true)
    {
        return $this->run($query, $bindings, function ($query, $bindings) use ($useReadPdo) {
            if ($this->pretending()) {
                return [];
            }
 
            // For select statements, we'll simply execute the query and return an array
            // of the database result set. Each element in the array will be a single
            // row from the database table, and will either be an array or objects.
            $statement = $this->prepared($this->getPdoForSelect($useReadPdo)
                              ->prepare($query));
 
            $this->bindValues($statement, $this->prepareBindings($bindings));
 
            $statement->execute();
 
            return $statement->fetchAll();
        });
    }
 
    /**
     * Run a select statement against the database and returns a generator.
     *
     * @param  string  $query
     * @param  array  $bindings
     * @param  bool  $useReadPdo
     * @return \Generator
     */
    public function cursor($query, $bindings = [], $useReadPdo = true)
    {

        return $result;
    }
 
    /**
     * Run a SQL statement.
     *
     * @param  string  $query
     * @param  array  $bindings
     * @param  \Closure  $callback
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Illuminate\Database\QueryException
     */
    protected function runQueryCallback($query, $bindings, Closure $callback)
    {
        // To execute the statement, we'll simply call the callback, which will actually
        // run the SQL against the PDO connection. Then we can calculate the time it
        // took to execute and log the query SQL, bindings and time in our memory.
        try {
            $result = $callback($query, $bindings);
        }
 
        // If an exception occurs when attempting to run a query, we'll format the error
        // message to include the bindings with SQL, which will make this exception a
        // lot more helpful to the developer instead of just the database's errors.
        catch (Exception $e) {
            throw new QueryException(
                $query, $this->prepareBindings($bindings), $e
            );
        }
 
        return $result;
    }
 
    /**
     * Log a query in the connection's query log.
     *
     * @param  string  $query
     * @param  array  $bindings
     * @param  float|null  $time

        );
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle a query exception that occurred during query execution.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\QueryException  $e
     * @param  string  $query
     * @param  array  $bindings
     * @param  \Closure  $callback
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Illuminate\Database\QueryException
     */
    protected function tryAgainIfCausedByLostConnection(QueryException $e, $query, $bindings, Closure $callback)
    {
        if ($this->causedByLostConnection($e->getPrevious())) {
            $this->reconnect();
 
            return $this->runQueryCallback($query, $bindings, $callback);
        }
 
        throw $e;
    }
 
    /**
     * Reconnect to the database.
     *
     * @return void
     *
     * @throws \LogicException
     */
    public function reconnect()
    {
        if (is_callable($this->reconnector)) {
            $this->doctrineConnection = null;
 
            return call_user_func($this->reconnector, $this);
        }
 

 
    /**
     * Handle a query exception.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\QueryException  $e
     * @param  string  $query
     * @param  array  $bindings
     * @param  \Closure  $callback
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Illuminate\Database\QueryException
     */
    protected function handleQueryException(QueryException $e, $query, $bindings, Closure $callback)
    {
        if ($this->transactions >= 1) {
            throw $e;
        }
 
        return $this->tryAgainIfCausedByLostConnection(
            $e, $query, $bindings, $callback
        );
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle a query exception that occurred during query execution.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\QueryException  $e
     * @param  string  $query
     * @param  array  $bindings
     * @param  \Closure  $callback
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Illuminate\Database\QueryException
     */
    protected function tryAgainIfCausedByLostConnection(QueryException $e, $query, $bindings, Closure $callback)
    {
        if ($this->causedByLostConnection($e->getPrevious())) {
            $this->reconnect();
 
            return $this->runQueryCallback($query, $bindings, $callback);

     * @param  array  $bindings
     * @param  \Closure  $callback
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \Illuminate\Database\QueryException
     */
    protected function run($query, $bindings, Closure $callback)
    {
        $this->reconnectIfMissingConnection();
 
        $start = microtime(true);
 
        // Here we will run this query. If an exception occurs we'll determine if it was
        // caused by a connection that has been lost. If that is the cause, we'll try
        // to re-establish connection and re-run the query with a fresh connection.
        try {
            $result = $this->runQueryCallback($query, $bindings, $callback);
        } catch (QueryException $e) {
            $result = $this->handleQueryException(
                $e, $query, $bindings, $callback
            );
        }
 
        // Once we have run the query we will calculate the time that it took to run and
        // then log the query, bindings, and execution time so we will report them on
        // the event that the developer needs them. We'll log time in milliseconds.
        $this->logQuery(
            $query, $bindings, $this->getElapsedTime($start)
        );
 
        return $result;
    }
 
    /**
     * Run a SQL statement.
     *
     * @param  string  $query
     * @param  array  $bindings
     * @param  \Closure  $callback
     * @return mixed

     */
    public function select($query, $bindings = [], $useReadPdo = true)
    {
        return $this->run($query, $bindings, function ($query, $bindings) use ($useReadPdo) {
            if ($this->pretending()) {
                return [];
            }
 
            // For select statements, we'll simply execute the query and return an array
            // of the database result set. Each element in the array will be a single
            // row from the database table, and will either be an array or objects.
            $statement = $this->prepared($this->getPdoForSelect($useReadPdo)
                              ->prepare($query));
 
            $this->bindValues($statement, $this->prepareBindings($bindings));
 
            $statement->execute();
 
            return $statement->fetchAll();
        });
    }
 
    /**
     * Run a select statement against the database and returns a generator.
     *
     * @param  string  $query
     * @param  array  $bindings
     * @param  bool  $useReadPdo
     * @return \Generator
     */
    public function cursor($query, $bindings = [], $useReadPdo = true)
    {
        $statement = $this->run($query, $bindings, function ($query, $bindings) use ($useReadPdo) {
            if ($this->pretending()) {
                return [];
            }
 
            // First we will create a statement for the query. Then, we will set the fetch
            // mode and prepare the bindings for the query. Once that's done we will be
            // ready to execute the query against the database and return the cursor.

     *
     * @param  array|string  $columns
     * @return \Illuminate\Support\Collection
     */
    public function get($columns = ['*'])
    {
        return collect($this->onceWithColumns(Arr::wrap($columns), function () {
            return $this->processor->processSelect($this, $this->runSelect());
        }));
    }
 
    /**
     * Run the query as a "select" statement against the connection.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    protected function runSelect()
    {
        return $this->connection->select(
            $this->toSql(), $this->getBindings(), ! $this->useWritePdo
        );
    }
 
    /**
     * Paginate the given query into a simple paginator.
     *
     * @param  int  $perPage
     * @param  array  $columns
     * @param  string  $pageName
     * @param  int|null  $page
     * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Pagination\LengthAwarePaginator
     */
    public function paginate($perPage = 15, $columns = ['*'], $pageName = 'page', $page = null)
    {
        $page = $page ?: Paginator::resolveCurrentPage($pageName);
 
        $total = $this->getCountForPagination();
 
        $results = $total ? $this->forPage($page, $perPage)->get($columns) : collect();
 

     * @param  string  $column
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function value($column)
    {
        $result = (array) $this->first([$column]);
 
        return count($result) > 0 ? reset($result) : null;
    }
 
    /**
     * Execute the query as a "select" statement.
     *
     * @param  array|string  $columns
     * @return \Illuminate\Support\Collection
     */
    public function get($columns = ['*'])
    {
        return collect($this->onceWithColumns(Arr::wrap($columns), function () {
            return $this->processor->processSelect($this, $this->runSelect());
        }));
    }
 
    /**
     * Run the query as a "select" statement against the connection.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    protected function runSelect()
    {
        return $this->connection->select(
            $this->toSql(), $this->getBindings(), ! $this->useWritePdo
        );
    }
 
    /**
     * Paginate the given query into a simple paginator.
     *
     * @param  int  $perPage
     * @param  array  $columns

    }
 
    /**
     * Execute the given callback while selecting the given columns.
     *
     * After running the callback, the columns are reset to the original value.
     *
     * @param  array  $columns
     * @param  callable  $callback
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected function onceWithColumns($columns, $callback)
    {
        $original = $this->columns;
 
        if (is_null($original)) {
            $this->columns = $columns;
        }
 
        $result = $callback();
 
        $this->columns = $original;
 
        return $result;
    }
 
    /**
     * Insert a new record into the database.
     *
     * @param  array  $values
     * @return bool
     */
    public function insert(array $values)
    {
        // Since every insert gets treated like a batch insert, we will make sure the
        // bindings are structured in a way that is convenient when building these
        // inserts statements by verifying these elements are actually an array.
        if (empty($values)) {
            return true;
        }

     * @return mixed
     */
    public function value($column)
    {
        $result = (array) $this->first([$column]);
 
        return count($result) > 0 ? reset($result) : null;
    }
 
    /**
     * Execute the query as a "select" statement.
     *
     * @param  array|string  $columns
     * @return \Illuminate\Support\Collection
     */
    public function get($columns = ['*'])
    {
        return collect($this->onceWithColumns(Arr::wrap($columns), function () {
            return $this->processor->processSelect($this, $this->runSelect());
        }));
    }
 
    /**
     * Run the query as a "select" statement against the connection.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    protected function runSelect()
    {
        return $this->connection->select(
            $this->toSql(), $this->getBindings(), ! $this->useWritePdo
        );
    }
 
    /**
     * Paginate the given query into a simple paginator.
     *
     * @param  int  $perPage
     * @param  array  $columns
     * @param  string  $pageName

        // If we actually found models we will also eager load any relationships that
        // have been specified as needing to be eager loaded, which will solve the
        // n+1 query issue for the developers to avoid running a lot of queries.
        if (count($models = $builder->getModels($columns)) > 0) {
            $models = $builder->eagerLoadRelations($models);
        }
 
        return $builder->getModel()->newCollection($models);
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the hydrated models without eager loading.
     *
     * @param  array|string  $columns
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model[]|static[]
     */
    public function getModels($columns = ['*'])
    {
        return $this->model->hydrate(
            $this->query->get($columns)->all()
        )->all();
    }
 
    /**
     * Eager load the relationships for the models.
     *
     * @param  array  $models
     * @return array
     */
    public function eagerLoadRelations(array $models)
    {
        foreach ($this->eagerLoad as $name => $constraints) {
            // For nested eager loads we'll skip loading them here and they will be set as an
            // eager load on the query to retrieve the relation so that they will be eager
            // loaded on that query, because that is where they get hydrated as models.
            if (strpos($name, '.') === false) {
                $models = $this->eagerLoadRelation($models, $name, $constraints);
            }
        }
 

    {
        if ($result = $this->first([$column])) {
            return $result->{Str::afterLast($column, '.')};
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Execute the query as a "select" statement.
     *
     * @param  array|string  $columns
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection|static[]
     */
    public function get($columns = ['*'])
    {
        $builder = $this->applyScopes();
 
        // If we actually found models we will also eager load any relationships that
        // have been specified as needing to be eager loaded, which will solve the
        // n+1 query issue for the developers to avoid running a lot of queries.
        if (count($models = $builder->getModels($columns)) > 0) {
            $models = $builder->eagerLoadRelations($models);
        }
 
        return $builder->getModel()->newCollection($models);
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the hydrated models without eager loading.
     *
     * @param  array|string  $columns
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model[]|static[]
     */
    public function getModels($columns = ['*'])
    {
        return $this->model->hydrate(
            $this->query->get($columns)->all()
        )->all();
    }
 
    /**

    public function eachById(callable $callback, $count = 1000, $column = null, $alias = null)
    {
        return $this->chunkById($count, function ($results) use ($callback) {
            foreach ($results as $key => $value) {
                if ($callback($value, $key) === false) {
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }, $column, $alias);
    }
 
    /**
     * Execute the query and get the first result.
     *
     * @param  array|string  $columns
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model|object|static|null
     */
    public function first($columns = ['*'])
    {
        return $this->take(1)->get($columns)->first();
    }
 
    /**
     * Apply the callback's query changes if the given "value" is true.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @param  callable  $callback
     * @param  callable|null  $default
     * @return mixed|$this
     */
    public function when($value, $callback, $default = null)
    {
        if ($value) {
            return $callback($this, $value) ?: $this;
        } elseif ($default) {
            return $default($this, $value) ?: $this;
        }
 
        return $this;
    }

 
use BadMethodCallException;
use Error;
 
trait ForwardsCalls
{
    /**
     * Forward a method call to the given object.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $object
     * @param  string  $method
     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \BadMethodCallException
     */
    protected function forwardCallTo($object, $method, $parameters)
    {
        try {
            return $object->{$method}(...$parameters);
        } catch (Error | BadMethodCallException $e) {
            $pattern = '~^Call to undefined method (?P<class>[^:]+)::(?P<method>[^\(]+)\(\)$~';
 
            if (! preg_match($pattern, $e->getMessage(), $matches)) {
                throw $e;
            }
 
            if ($matches['class'] != get_class($object) ||
                $matches['method'] != $method) {
                throw $e;
            }
 
            static::throwBadMethodCallException($method);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Throw a bad method call exception for the given method.
     *
     * @param  string  $method

     */
    public function __unset($key)
    {
        $this->offsetUnset($key);
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle dynamic method calls into the model.
     *
     * @param  string  $method
     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function __call($method, $parameters)
    {
        if (in_array($method, ['increment', 'decrement'])) {
            return $this->$method(...$parameters);
        }
 
        return $this->forwardCallTo($this->newQuery(), $method, $parameters);
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle dynamic static method calls into the method.
     *
     * @param  string  $method
     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @return mixed
     */
    public static function __callStatic($method, $parameters)
    {
        return (new static)->$method(...$parameters);
    }
 
    /**
     * Convert the model to its string representation.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function __toString()

     */
    public function __call($method, $parameters)
    {
        if (in_array($method, ['increment', 'decrement'])) {
            return $this->$method(...$parameters);
        }
 
        return $this->forwardCallTo($this->newQuery(), $method, $parameters);
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle dynamic static method calls into the method.
     *
     * @param  string  $method
     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @return mixed
     */
    public static function __callStatic($method, $parameters)
    {
        return (new static)->$method(...$parameters);
    }
 
    /**
     * Convert the model to its string representation.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function __toString()
    {
        return $this->toJson();
    }
 
    /**
     * When a model is being unserialized, check if it needs to be booted.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function __wakeup()
    {
        $this->bootIfNotBooted();

 
    Route::post('/admin/manualcity','CityController@addcity')->name('city.manual');
 
    Route::post('/admin/manualstate','StateController@addstate')->name('state.manual');
 
    Route::resource('user/question/report','QuestionReportController');
 
    // adsense routes
    Route::get('/admin/adsensesetting/','AdsenseController@index')->name('adsense');
    Route::put('/admin/adsensesetting','AdsenseController@update')->name('adsense.update');
 
  });
 
  Route::middleware(['web', 'is_active', 'auth', 'admin_instructor', 'switch_languages'])->group(function () {
 
    
 
  if(\DB::connection()->getDatabaseName()){
     if(env('IS_INSTALLED') == 1){
        $zoom_enable = Setting::first()->zoom_enable;
 
        $bbl_enable  = Setting::first()->bbl_enable;
        
        if(isset($zoom_enable) && $zoom_enable == 1){
            
            Route::prefix('zoom')->group(function (){
                Route::get('setting','ZoomController@setting')->name('zoom.setting');
                Route::get('dashboard','ZoomController@dashboard')->name('zoom.index');
                Route::post('token/update','ZoomController@updateToken')->name('updateToken');
                Route::get('create/meeting','ZoomController@create')->name('meeting.create');
                Route::delete('delete/meeting/{id}','ZoomController@delete')->name('zoom.delete');
                Route::post('store/new/meeting','ZoomController@store')->name('zoom.store');
                Route::get('edit/meeting/{meetingid}','ZoomController@edit')->name('zoom.edit');
                Route::post('update/meeting/{meetingid}','ZoomController@updatemeeting')->name('zoom.update');
                Route::get('show/meeting/{meetingid}','ZoomController@show')->name('zoom.show');
            });
        }
 
        if(isset($bbl_enable) && $bbl_enable == 1){
            Route::prefix('bigblue')->group(function (){

     * Merge the given array with the last group stack.
     *
     * @param  array  $new
     * @return array
     */
    public function mergeWithLastGroup($new)
    {
        return RouteGroup::merge($new, end($this->groupStack));
    }
 
    /**
     * Load the provided routes.
     *
     * @param  \Closure|string  $routes
     * @return void
     */
    protected function loadRoutes($routes)
    {
        if ($routes instanceof Closure) {
            $routes($this);
        } else {
            (new RouteFileRegistrar($this))->register($routes);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the prefix from the last group on the stack.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function getLastGroupPrefix()
    {
        if ($this->hasGroupStack()) {
            $last = end($this->groupStack);
 
            return $last['prefix'] ?? '';
        }
 
        return '';
    }

        return $this->resource($name, $controller, array_merge([
            'only' => $only,
        ], $options));
    }
 
    /**
     * Create a route group with shared attributes.
     *
     * @param  array  $attributes
     * @param  \Closure|string  $routes
     * @return void
     */
    public function group(array $attributes, $routes)
    {
        $this->updateGroupStack($attributes);
 
        // Once we have updated the group stack, we'll load the provided routes and
        // merge in the group's attributes when the routes are created. After we
        // have created the routes, we will pop the attributes off the stack.
        $this->loadRoutes($routes);
 
        array_pop($this->groupStack);
    }
 
    /**
     * Update the group stack with the given attributes.
     *
     * @param  array  $attributes
     * @return void
     */
    protected function updateGroupStack(array $attributes)
    {
        if ($this->hasGroupStack()) {
            $attributes = $this->mergeWithLastGroup($attributes);
        }
 
        $this->groupStack[] = $attributes;
    }
 
    /**

     *
     * @param  string  $name
     * @param  string  $controller
     * @param  array  $options
     * @return \Illuminate\Routing\PendingResourceRegistration
     */
    public function resource($name, $controller, array $options = [])
    {
        return $this->router->resource($name, $controller, $this->attributes + $options);
    }
 
    /**
     * Create a route group with shared attributes.
     *
     * @param  \Closure|string  $callback
     * @return void
     */
    public function group($callback)
    {
        $this->router->group($this->attributes, $callback);
    }
 
    /**
     * Register a new route with the given verbs.
     *
     * @param  array|string  $methods
     * @param  string  $uri
     * @param  \Closure|array|string|null  $action
     * @return \Illuminate\Routing\Route
     */
    public function match($methods, $uri, $action = null)
    {
        return $this->router->match($methods, $uri, $this->compileAction($action));
    }
 
    /**
     * Register a new route with the router.
     *
     * @param  string  $method
     * @param  string  $uri

 
    Route::resource('admin/quiztopic', 'QuizTopicController');
 
    Route::resource('/admin/questions', 'QuizController');
 
    Route::resource('blog', 'BlogController');
 
    Route::resource('order', 'OrderController');
 
    Route::resource('featurecourse', 'FeatureCourseController');
 
    Route::post('/paywithpaytm', 'FeatureCourseController@order')->name('paywithpaytm');
    Route::post('/featurepayment/status', 'FeatureCourseController@paymentCallback');
 
    Route::post('featuredwithpaypal', 'FeatureCourseController@payWithpaypal')->name('featuredWithpaypal');
    Route::get('getfeaturedstatus', 'FeatureCourseController@getPaymentStatus')->name('featured');
 
    Route::resource('bundle', 'BundleCourseController');
 
  });
 
  
  Route::get('/best-coaching-for/{id}/{slug}','CategoriesController@categoryPage');
  
  Route::get('/{id}/{slug}','SubcategoryController@categoryPage');
  Route::get('/free-study-material/{id}/{slug}','SubcategoryController@materialPage');
  
  
   
   
  Route::middleware(['web','switch_languages', 'is_verified'])->group(function () {
 
    Route::post('rating/show/{id}','ReviewratingController@rating')->name('course.rating');
    Route::post('reports/insert/{id}','ReportReviewController@store')->name('report.review');
    Route::get('/course/{id}/{slug}','CourseController@CourseDetailPage')->name('user.course.show');
    Route::get('/my-course/detail/{id}/{slug}','CourseController@studentcourseDetailPage');
    Route::get('/my-course/sheet/{id}/{slug}','CourseController@coursesheetDetail');
    Route::get('/my-course/schedule/{id}/{slug}','CourseController@coursescheduleDetail');
    Route::get('/my-attendance/course/{id}/{slug}','CourseController@attndanceDetail');
    

     * Merge the given array with the last group stack.
     *
     * @param  array  $new
     * @return array
     */
    public function mergeWithLastGroup($new)
    {
        return RouteGroup::merge($new, end($this->groupStack));
    }
 
    /**
     * Load the provided routes.
     *
     * @param  \Closure|string  $routes
     * @return void
     */
    protected function loadRoutes($routes)
    {
        if ($routes instanceof Closure) {
            $routes($this);
        } else {
            (new RouteFileRegistrar($this))->register($routes);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the prefix from the last group on the stack.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function getLastGroupPrefix()
    {
        if ($this->hasGroupStack()) {
            $last = end($this->groupStack);
 
            return $last['prefix'] ?? '';
        }
 
        return '';
    }

        return $this->resource($name, $controller, array_merge([
            'only' => $only,
        ], $options));
    }
 
    /**
     * Create a route group with shared attributes.
     *
     * @param  array  $attributes
     * @param  \Closure|string  $routes
     * @return void
     */
    public function group(array $attributes, $routes)
    {
        $this->updateGroupStack($attributes);
 
        // Once we have updated the group stack, we'll load the provided routes and
        // merge in the group's attributes when the routes are created. After we
        // have created the routes, we will pop the attributes off the stack.
        $this->loadRoutes($routes);
 
        array_pop($this->groupStack);
    }
 
    /**
     * Update the group stack with the given attributes.
     *
     * @param  array  $attributes
     * @return void
     */
    protected function updateGroupStack(array $attributes)
    {
        if ($this->hasGroupStack()) {
            $attributes = $this->mergeWithLastGroup($attributes);
        }
 
        $this->groupStack[] = $attributes;
    }
 
    /**

     *
     * @param  string  $name
     * @param  string  $controller
     * @param  array  $options
     * @return \Illuminate\Routing\PendingResourceRegistration
     */
    public function resource($name, $controller, array $options = [])
    {
        return $this->router->resource($name, $controller, $this->attributes + $options);
    }
 
    /**
     * Create a route group with shared attributes.
     *
     * @param  \Closure|string  $callback
     * @return void
     */
    public function group($callback)
    {
        $this->router->group($this->attributes, $callback);
    }
 
    /**
     * Register a new route with the given verbs.
     *
     * @param  array|string  $methods
     * @param  string  $uri
     * @param  \Closure|array|string|null  $action
     * @return \Illuminate\Routing\Route
     */
    public function match($methods, $uri, $action = null)
    {
        return $this->router->match($methods, $uri, $this->compileAction($action));
    }
 
    /**
     * Register a new route with the router.
     *
     * @param  string  $method
     * @param  string  $uri

    Route::get('admin/completed/payout', 'CompletedPayoutController@show')->name('admin.completed');
    Route::get('payout/completed/view/{id}', 'CompletedPayoutController@view')->name('completed.view');
 
    Route::get('admin/meeting/show', 'MeetingController@index')->name('meeting.show');
 
    Route::post('course/checked/{id}', 'CourseProgressController@checked');
 
    Route::post('bundle/cart/{id}', 'BundleCourseController@addtocart')->name('bundlecart');
    Route::get('bundle/detail/{id}', 'BundleCourseController@detailpage')->name('bundle.detail');
    Route::get('bundle/enroll/{id}', 'BundleCourseController@enroll')->name('bundle.enroll');
 
    Route::get('bbl/detail/{id}', 'BigBlueController@detailpage')->name('bbl.detail');
 
    Route::get('join/meeting/{meetingid}','BigBlueController@joinview')->name('bbluserjoin');
    Route::post('api/join/meeting','BigBlueController@apiJoin')->name('bbl.api.join');
    Route::post('api/join/meeting1','BigBlueController@apiJoinWebinar')->name('bbl.api.joinwebinar');
 
  });
 
});
 
 
Route::get("allcountry/dropdown","AllCountryController@upload_info");
Route::get("allcountry/gcity","AllCountryController@gcity");
 
 
Route::post('course/assignment/{id}', 'AssignmentController@submit')->name('assignment.submit');
Route::post('assignment/delete/{id}', 'AssignmentController@delete');
 
Route::resource('assignment', 'AssignmentController');
 
Route::get('instructor/{id}', 'InstructorSettingController@instructorprofile')->name('instructor.profile');
 
Route::post('course/appointment/{id}', 'AppointmentController@request')->name('appointment.request');
 
Route::resource('appointment', 'AppointmentController');
Route::post('appointment/delete/{id}', 'AppointmentController@delete');
 
 
Route::get('counsellor/user','CouncellorController@viewAllUser');

     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Routing\Router  $router
     * @return void
     */
    public function __construct(Router $router)
    {
        $this->router = $router;
    }
 
    /**
     * Require the given routes file.
     *
     * @param  string  $routes
     * @return void
     */
    public function register($routes)
    {
        $router = $this->router;
 
        require $routes;
    }
}
 

     * @param  array  $new
     * @return array
     */
    public function mergeWithLastGroup($new)
    {
        return RouteGroup::merge($new, end($this->groupStack));
    }
 
    /**
     * Load the provided routes.
     *
     * @param  \Closure|string  $routes
     * @return void
     */
    protected function loadRoutes($routes)
    {
        if ($routes instanceof Closure) {
            $routes($this);
        } else {
            (new RouteFileRegistrar($this))->register($routes);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the prefix from the last group on the stack.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function getLastGroupPrefix()
    {
        if ($this->hasGroupStack()) {
            $last = end($this->groupStack);
 
            return $last['prefix'] ?? '';
        }
 
        return '';
    }
 
    /**

        return $this->resource($name, $controller, array_merge([
            'only' => $only,
        ], $options));
    }
 
    /**
     * Create a route group with shared attributes.
     *
     * @param  array  $attributes
     * @param  \Closure|string  $routes
     * @return void
     */
    public function group(array $attributes, $routes)
    {
        $this->updateGroupStack($attributes);
 
        // Once we have updated the group stack, we'll load the provided routes and
        // merge in the group's attributes when the routes are created. After we
        // have created the routes, we will pop the attributes off the stack.
        $this->loadRoutes($routes);
 
        array_pop($this->groupStack);
    }
 
    /**
     * Update the group stack with the given attributes.
     *
     * @param  array  $attributes
     * @return void
     */
    protected function updateGroupStack(array $attributes)
    {
        if ($this->hasGroupStack()) {
            $attributes = $this->mergeWithLastGroup($attributes);
        }
 
        $this->groupStack[] = $attributes;
    }
 
    /**

     *
     * @param  string  $name
     * @param  string  $controller
     * @param  array  $options
     * @return \Illuminate\Routing\PendingResourceRegistration
     */
    public function resource($name, $controller, array $options = [])
    {
        return $this->router->resource($name, $controller, $this->attributes + $options);
    }
 
    /**
     * Create a route group with shared attributes.
     *
     * @param  \Closure|string  $callback
     * @return void
     */
    public function group($callback)
    {
        $this->router->group($this->attributes, $callback);
    }
 
    /**
     * Register a new route with the given verbs.
     *
     * @param  array|string  $methods
     * @param  string  $uri
     * @param  \Closure|array|string|null  $action
     * @return \Illuminate\Routing\Route
     */
    public function match($methods, $uri, $action = null)
    {
        return $this->router->match($methods, $uri, $this->compileAction($action));
    }
 
    /**
     * Register a new route with the router.
     *
     * @param  string  $method
     * @param  string  $uri

    {
        $this->mapApiRoutes();
 
        $this->mapWebRoutes();
 
        //
    }
 
    /**
     * Define the "web" routes for the application.
     *
     * These routes all receive session state, CSRF protection, etc.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    protected function mapWebRoutes()
    {
        Route::middleware('web')
             ->namespace($this->namespace)
             ->group(base_path('routes/web.php'));
    }
 
    /**
     * Define the "api" routes for the application.
     *
     * These routes are typically stateless.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    protected function mapApiRoutes()
    {
        Route::prefix('api')
             ->middleware('api')
             ->namespace($this->namespace)
             ->group(base_path('routes/api.php'));
    }
}
 

     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function boot()
    {
        //
 
        parent::boot();
    }
 
    /**
     * Define the routes for the application.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function map()
    {
        $this->mapApiRoutes();
 
        $this->mapWebRoutes();
 
        //
    }
 
    /**
     * Define the "web" routes for the application.
     *
     * These routes all receive session state, CSRF protection, etc.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    protected function mapWebRoutes()
    {
        Route::middleware('web')
             ->namespace($this->namespace)
             ->group(base_path('routes/web.php'));
    }
 
    /**
     * Define the "api" routes for the application.

     * @param  callable|string  $callback
     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @param  string|null  $defaultMethod
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \ReflectionException
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public static function call($container, $callback, array $parameters = [], $defaultMethod = null)
    {
        if (is_string($callback) && ! $defaultMethod && method_exists($callback, '__invoke')) {
            $defaultMethod = '__invoke';
        }
 
        if (static::isCallableWithAtSign($callback) || $defaultMethod) {
            return static::callClass($container, $callback, $parameters, $defaultMethod);
        }
 
        return static::callBoundMethod($container, $callback, function () use ($container, $callback, $parameters) {
            return $callback(...array_values(static::getMethodDependencies($container, $callback, $parameters)));
        });
    }
 
    /**
     * Call a string reference to a class using Class@method syntax.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Container\Container  $container
     * @param  string  $target
     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @param  string|null  $defaultMethod
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException
     */
    protected static function callClass($container, $target, array $parameters = [], $defaultMethod = null)
    {
        $segments = explode('@', $target);
 
        // We will assume an @ sign is used to delimit the class name from the method
        // name. We will split on this @ sign and then build a callable array that

    public static function arrayWrap($value)
    {
        if (is_null($value)) {
            return [];
        }
 
        return is_array($value) ? $value : [$value];
    }
 
    /**
     * Return the default value of the given value.
     *
     * From global value() helper in Illuminate\Support.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @return mixed
     */
    public static function unwrapIfClosure($value)
    {
        return $value instanceof Closure ? $value() : $value;
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the class name of the given parameter's type, if possible.
     *
     * From Reflector::getParameterClassName() in Illuminate\Support.
     *
     * @param  \ReflectionParameter  $parameter
     * @return string|null
     */
    public static function getParameterClassName($parameter)
    {
        $type = $parameter->getType();
 
        if (! $type instanceof ReflectionNamedType || $type->isBuiltin()) {
            return;
        }
 
        $name = $type->getName();
 

     * @param  callable  $callback
     * @param  mixed  $default
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected static function callBoundMethod($container, $callback, $default)
    {
        if (! is_array($callback)) {
            return Util::unwrapIfClosure($default);
        }
 
        // Here we need to turn the array callable into a Class@method string we can use to
        // examine the container and see if there are any method bindings for this given
        // method. If there are, we can call this method binding callback immediately.
        $method = static::normalizeMethod($callback);
 
        if ($container->hasMethodBinding($method)) {
            return $container->callMethodBinding($method, $callback[0]);
        }
 
        return Util::unwrapIfClosure($default);
    }
 
    /**
     * Normalize the given callback into a Class@method string.
     *
     * @param  callable  $callback
     * @return string
     */
    protected static function normalizeMethod($callback)
    {
        $class = is_string($callback[0]) ? $callback[0] : get_class($callback[0]);
 
        return "{$class}@{$callback[1]}";
    }
 
    /**
     * Get all dependencies for a given method.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Container\Container  $container
     * @param  callable|string  $callback

     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @param  string|null  $defaultMethod
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \ReflectionException
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public static function call($container, $callback, array $parameters = [], $defaultMethod = null)
    {
        if (is_string($callback) && ! $defaultMethod && method_exists($callback, '__invoke')) {
            $defaultMethod = '__invoke';
        }
 
        if (static::isCallableWithAtSign($callback) || $defaultMethod) {
            return static::callClass($container, $callback, $parameters, $defaultMethod);
        }
 
        return static::callBoundMethod($container, $callback, function () use ($container, $callback, $parameters) {
            return $callback(...array_values(static::getMethodDependencies($container, $callback, $parameters)));
        });
    }
 
    /**
     * Call a string reference to a class using Class@method syntax.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Container\Container  $container
     * @param  string  $target
     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @param  string|null  $defaultMethod
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException
     */
    protected static function callClass($container, $target, array $parameters = [], $defaultMethod = null)
    {
        $segments = explode('@', $target);
 
        // We will assume an @ sign is used to delimit the class name from the method
        // name. We will split on this @ sign and then build a callable array that
        // we can pass right back into the "call" method for dependency binding.

     * @return \Closure
     */
    public function wrap(Closure $callback, array $parameters = [])
    {
        return function () use ($callback, $parameters) {
            return $this->call($callback, $parameters);
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Call the given Closure / class@method and inject its dependencies.
     *
     * @param  callable|string  $callback
     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @param  string|null  $defaultMethod
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function call($callback, array $parameters = [], $defaultMethod = null)
    {
        return BoundMethod::call($this, $callback, $parameters, $defaultMethod);
    }
 
    /**
     * Get a closure to resolve the given type from the container.
     *
     * @param  string  $abstract
     * @return \Closure
     */
    public function factory($abstract)
    {
        return function () use ($abstract) {
            return $this->make($abstract);
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * An alias function name for make().
     *
     * @param  string  $abstract
     * @param  array  $parameters

     * Load the cached routes for the application.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    protected function loadCachedRoutes()
    {
        $this->app->booted(function () {
            require $this->app->getCachedRoutesPath();
        });
    }
 
    /**
     * Load the application routes.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    protected function loadRoutes()
    {
        if (method_exists($this, 'map')) {
            $this->app->call([$this, 'map']);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Pass dynamic methods onto the router instance.
     *
     * @param  string  $method
     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function __call($method, $parameters)
    {
        return $this->forwardCallTo(
            $this->app->make(Router::class), $method, $parameters
        );
    }
}
 

    /**
     * The controller namespace for the application.
     *
     * @var string|null
     */
    protected $namespace;
 
    /**
     * Bootstrap any application services.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function boot()
    {
        $this->setRootControllerNamespace();
 
        if ($this->routesAreCached()) {
            $this->loadCachedRoutes();
        } else {
            $this->loadRoutes();
 
            $this->app->booted(function () {
                $this->app['router']->getRoutes()->refreshNameLookups();
                $this->app['router']->getRoutes()->refreshActionLookups();
            });
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Set the root controller namespace for the application.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    protected function setRootControllerNamespace()
    {
        if (! is_null($this->namespace)) {
            $this->app[UrlGenerator::class]->setRootControllerNamespace($this->namespace);
        }
    }
 

{
    /**
     * This namespace is applied to your controller routes.
     *
     * In addition, it is set as the URL generator's root namespace.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $namespace = 'App\Http\Controllers';
 
    /**
     * Define your route model bindings, pattern filters, etc.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function boot()
    {
        //
 
        parent::boot();
    }
 
    /**
     * Define the routes for the application.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function map()
    {
        $this->mapApiRoutes();
 
        $this->mapWebRoutes();
 
        //
    }
 
    /**
     * Define the "web" routes for the application.
     *
     * These routes all receive session state, CSRF protection, etc.

     * @param  callable|string  $callback
     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @param  string|null  $defaultMethod
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \ReflectionException
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public static function call($container, $callback, array $parameters = [], $defaultMethod = null)
    {
        if (is_string($callback) && ! $defaultMethod && method_exists($callback, '__invoke')) {
            $defaultMethod = '__invoke';
        }
 
        if (static::isCallableWithAtSign($callback) || $defaultMethod) {
            return static::callClass($container, $callback, $parameters, $defaultMethod);
        }
 
        return static::callBoundMethod($container, $callback, function () use ($container, $callback, $parameters) {
            return $callback(...array_values(static::getMethodDependencies($container, $callback, $parameters)));
        });
    }
 
    /**
     * Call a string reference to a class using Class@method syntax.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Container\Container  $container
     * @param  string  $target
     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @param  string|null  $defaultMethod
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException
     */
    protected static function callClass($container, $target, array $parameters = [], $defaultMethod = null)
    {
        $segments = explode('@', $target);
 
        // We will assume an @ sign is used to delimit the class name from the method
        // name. We will split on this @ sign and then build a callable array that

    public static function arrayWrap($value)
    {
        if (is_null($value)) {
            return [];
        }
 
        return is_array($value) ? $value : [$value];
    }
 
    /**
     * Return the default value of the given value.
     *
     * From global value() helper in Illuminate\Support.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @return mixed
     */
    public static function unwrapIfClosure($value)
    {
        return $value instanceof Closure ? $value() : $value;
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the class name of the given parameter's type, if possible.
     *
     * From Reflector::getParameterClassName() in Illuminate\Support.
     *
     * @param  \ReflectionParameter  $parameter
     * @return string|null
     */
    public static function getParameterClassName($parameter)
    {
        $type = $parameter->getType();
 
        if (! $type instanceof ReflectionNamedType || $type->isBuiltin()) {
            return;
        }
 
        $name = $type->getName();
 

     * @param  callable  $callback
     * @param  mixed  $default
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected static function callBoundMethod($container, $callback, $default)
    {
        if (! is_array($callback)) {
            return Util::unwrapIfClosure($default);
        }
 
        // Here we need to turn the array callable into a Class@method string we can use to
        // examine the container and see if there are any method bindings for this given
        // method. If there are, we can call this method binding callback immediately.
        $method = static::normalizeMethod($callback);
 
        if ($container->hasMethodBinding($method)) {
            return $container->callMethodBinding($method, $callback[0]);
        }
 
        return Util::unwrapIfClosure($default);
    }
 
    /**
     * Normalize the given callback into a Class@method string.
     *
     * @param  callable  $callback
     * @return string
     */
    protected static function normalizeMethod($callback)
    {
        $class = is_string($callback[0]) ? $callback[0] : get_class($callback[0]);
 
        return "{$class}@{$callback[1]}";
    }
 
    /**
     * Get all dependencies for a given method.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Container\Container  $container
     * @param  callable|string  $callback

     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @param  string|null  $defaultMethod
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \ReflectionException
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public static function call($container, $callback, array $parameters = [], $defaultMethod = null)
    {
        if (is_string($callback) && ! $defaultMethod && method_exists($callback, '__invoke')) {
            $defaultMethod = '__invoke';
        }
 
        if (static::isCallableWithAtSign($callback) || $defaultMethod) {
            return static::callClass($container, $callback, $parameters, $defaultMethod);
        }
 
        return static::callBoundMethod($container, $callback, function () use ($container, $callback, $parameters) {
            return $callback(...array_values(static::getMethodDependencies($container, $callback, $parameters)));
        });
    }
 
    /**
     * Call a string reference to a class using Class@method syntax.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Container\Container  $container
     * @param  string  $target
     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @param  string|null  $defaultMethod
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException
     */
    protected static function callClass($container, $target, array $parameters = [], $defaultMethod = null)
    {
        $segments = explode('@', $target);
 
        // We will assume an @ sign is used to delimit the class name from the method
        // name. We will split on this @ sign and then build a callable array that
        // we can pass right back into the "call" method for dependency binding.

     * @return \Closure
     */
    public function wrap(Closure $callback, array $parameters = [])
    {
        return function () use ($callback, $parameters) {
            return $this->call($callback, $parameters);
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Call the given Closure / class@method and inject its dependencies.
     *
     * @param  callable|string  $callback
     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @param  string|null  $defaultMethod
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function call($callback, array $parameters = [], $defaultMethod = null)
    {
        return BoundMethod::call($this, $callback, $parameters, $defaultMethod);
    }
 
    /**
     * Get a closure to resolve the given type from the container.
     *
     * @param  string  $abstract
     * @return \Closure
     */
    public function factory($abstract)
    {
        return function () use ($abstract) {
            return $this->make($abstract);
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * An alias function name for make().
     *
     * @param  string  $abstract
     * @param  array  $parameters

 
        array_walk($this->serviceProviders, function ($p) {
            $this->bootProvider($p);
        });
 
        $this->booted = true;
 
        $this->fireAppCallbacks($this->bootedCallbacks);
    }
 
    /**
     * Boot the given service provider.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider  $provider
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected function bootProvider(ServiceProvider $provider)
    {
        if (method_exists($provider, 'boot')) {
            return $this->call([$provider, 'boot']);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Register a new boot listener.
     *
     * @param  callable  $callback
     * @return void
     */
    public function booting($callback)
    {
        $this->bootingCallbacks[] = $callback;
    }
 
    /**
     * Register a new "booted" listener.
     *
     * @param  callable  $callback
     * @return void
     */

    }
 
    /**
     * Boot the application's service providers.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function boot()
    {
        if ($this->isBooted()) {
            return;
        }
 
        // Once the application has booted we will also fire some "booted" callbacks
        // for any listeners that need to do work after this initial booting gets
        // finished. This is useful when ordering the boot-up processes we run.
        $this->fireAppCallbacks($this->bootingCallbacks);
 
        array_walk($this->serviceProviders, function ($p) {
            $this->bootProvider($p);
        });
 
        $this->booted = true;
 
        $this->fireAppCallbacks($this->bootedCallbacks);
    }
 
    /**
     * Boot the given service provider.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider  $provider
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected function bootProvider(ServiceProvider $provider)
    {
        if (method_exists($provider, 'boot')) {
            return $this->call([$provider, 'boot']);
        }
    }
 

 
    /**
     * Boot the application's service providers.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function boot()
    {
        if ($this->isBooted()) {
            return;
        }
 
        // Once the application has booted we will also fire some "booted" callbacks
        // for any listeners that need to do work after this initial booting gets
        // finished. This is useful when ordering the boot-up processes we run.
        $this->fireAppCallbacks($this->bootingCallbacks);
 
        array_walk($this->serviceProviders, function ($p) {
            $this->bootProvider($p);
        });
 
        $this->booted = true;
 
        $this->fireAppCallbacks($this->bootedCallbacks);
    }
 
    /**
     * Boot the given service provider.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider  $provider
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected function bootProvider(ServiceProvider $provider)
    {
        if (method_exists($provider, 'boot')) {
            return $this->call([$provider, 'boot']);
        }
    }
 
    /**

<?php
 
namespace Illuminate\Foundation\Bootstrap;
 
use Illuminate\Contracts\Foundation\Application;
 
class BootProviders
{
    /**
     * Bootstrap the given application.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Contracts\Foundation\Application  $app
     * @return void
     */
    public function bootstrap(Application $app)
    {
        $app->boot();
    }
}
 

    {
        $this->register(new EventServiceProvider($this));
        $this->register(new LogServiceProvider($this));
        $this->register(new RoutingServiceProvider($this));
    }
 
    /**
     * Run the given array of bootstrap classes.
     *
     * @param  string[]  $bootstrappers
     * @return void
     */
    public function bootstrapWith(array $bootstrappers)
    {
        $this->hasBeenBootstrapped = true;
 
        foreach ($bootstrappers as $bootstrapper) {
            $this['events']->dispatch('bootstrapping: '.$bootstrapper, [$this]);
 
            $this->make($bootstrapper)->bootstrap($this);
 
            $this['events']->dispatch('bootstrapped: '.$bootstrapper, [$this]);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Register a callback to run after loading the environment.
     *
     * @param  \Closure  $callback
     * @return void
     */
    public function afterLoadingEnvironment(Closure $callback)
    {
        return $this->afterBootstrapping(
            LoadEnvironmentVariables::class, $callback
        );
    }
 
    /**
     * Register a callback to run before a bootstrapper.

 
        Facade::clearResolvedInstance('request');
 
        $this->bootstrap();
 
        return (new Pipeline($this->app))
                    ->send($request)
                    ->through($this->app->shouldSkipMiddleware() ? [] : $this->middleware)
                    ->then($this->dispatchToRouter());
    }
 
    /**
     * Bootstrap the application for HTTP requests.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function bootstrap()
    {
        if (! $this->app->hasBeenBootstrapped()) {
            $this->app->bootstrapWith($this->bootstrappers());
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Get the route dispatcher callback.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */
    protected function dispatchToRouter()
    {
        return function ($request) {
            $this->app->instance('request', $request);
 
            return $this->router->dispatch($request);
        };
    }
 
    /**
     * Call the terminate method on any terminable middleware.
     *

        $this->app['events']->dispatch(
            new RequestHandled($request, $response)
        );
 
        return $response;
    }
 
    /**
     * Send the given request through the middleware / router.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    protected function sendRequestThroughRouter($request)
    {
        $this->app->instance('request', $request);
 
        Facade::clearResolvedInstance('request');
 
        $this->bootstrap();
 
        return (new Pipeline($this->app))
                    ->send($request)
                    ->through($this->app->shouldSkipMiddleware() ? [] : $this->middleware)
                    ->then($this->dispatchToRouter());
    }
 
    /**
     * Bootstrap the application for HTTP requests.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function bootstrap()
    {
        if (! $this->app->hasBeenBootstrapped()) {
            $this->app->bootstrapWith($this->bootstrappers());
        }
    }
 
    /**

    public function __construct(Application $app, Router $router)
    {
        $this->app = $app;
        $this->router = $router;
 
        $this->syncMiddlewareToRouter();
    }
 
    /**
     * Handle an incoming HTTP request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function handle($request)
    {
        try {
            $request->enableHttpMethodParameterOverride();
 
            $response = $this->sendRequestThroughRouter($request);
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            $this->reportException($e);
 
            $response = $this->renderException($request, $e);
        } catch (Throwable $e) {
            $this->reportException($e = new FatalThrowableError($e));
 
            $response = $this->renderException($request, $e);
        }
 
        $this->app['events']->dispatch(
            new RequestHandled($request, $response)
        );
 
        return $response;
    }
 
    /**
     * Send the given request through the middleware / router.
     *

*/

$app = require_once __DIR__.'/../bootstrap/app.php';

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Run The Application
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Once we have the application, we can handle the incoming request
| through the kernel, and send the associated response back to
| the client's browser allowing them to enjoy the creative
| and wonderful application we have prepared for them.
|
*/

$kernel = $app->make(Illuminate\Contracts\Http\Kernel::class);

$response = $kernel->handle(
    $request = Illuminate\Http\Request::capture()
);

$response->send();

$kernel->terminate($request, $response);